Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Soc

Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17 under the supervision of an expert epidemiologist. In December

2011, the Iranian MOHME Registry listed 34,605 MS patients in Iran. Seventy-seven percent of whom were women. Given that Iran’s population in 2011 was 75,600,000, the Selleck Kinase Inhibitor Library prevalence rate of MS was calculated as 45/100,000 of population.4 Seventy percent of these patients were between 20-40 years of age. The maximum prevalence rate (80 per 100,000 population) was Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical seen in Isfahan province, located in the central part of Iran. The minimum prevalence rate (6 per 100,000 population) was seen in Sistan-Baluchestan province, located in the southeast part of Iran. This province has a warm and dry climate. Ten years ago, Kalanie et al.5 reported 200 patients with a definite diagnosis of MS in Iran. In 2005, Etemadifar  et al.3 reported a prevalence rate of 35.5 per 100,000 of population, with a female/male ratio of 3.6. Two years later, again in Isfahan province, another Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical study reported a prevalence rate of 43.8 per 100,000 of population.7 In 2010, a study was performed by Sahraian et al.6

in the capital city of Iran (Tehran). The authors Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical estimated that the point prevalence of MS in Tehran was at least 51.9 per 100,000 of population with a female/male ratio of about 3.12. In the present study, although we only considered patients who received beta interferon, it seems that the prevalence rate of MS has increased both at national and provincial levels. These rates are

similar to what is seen in western countries.6 Interestingly, this rise in the prevalence rate of MS has also been seen in some neighboring countries of Iran such as Kuwait.8 There are some explanations for this increasing pattern Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical in the prevalence of MS in the Middle East and also Iran. One of the most important causes may be the age of the population in Iran. Iran has a very young population, with the majority of the population in Iran being in the age range of 15-30 years. The fact that the disease is more prevalent in young adults means that age may be an important Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical factor for the rise in the prevalence rate. Furthermore, it has been previously demonstrated vitamin D deficiency is very prevalent in Iran. PAK6 This may be the consequence of the increase in the number of people living in apartments, the rise in the consumption of cosmetics and sunscreen creams, or exacerbation of air pollution especially in industrial areas such as Isfahan, Tehran, and Fars provinces, all of which have the highest rates of MS in Iran. The relation between vitamin D deficiency and MS has been reported by several studies. Accordingly, the increase in the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency may be another explanation for the rise in the prevalence rate of MS in Iran.3 In addition to these facts, it is important to consider the effect of new diagnostic methods.

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