Staged surgery is recommended in patients above the age of 60 years.”
“The hierarchical structure of bone makes the X-ray microdiffraction scanning techniques one of the most
effective tool to investigate the structural features of this tissue at different length scales: the atomic/nanometer scale of the X-ray scattering signals and the macroscopic scale of the scanned sample area. The potentiality of the microdiffraction approach has been verified also by investigations on tissue-engineered bone substitutes used to repair large hard bone Vorinostat in vitro defects. The aim of this review is to present the most representative and recent results obtained through high-resolution scanning microdiffraction techniques studying both natural and tissue-engineered bone. The rapid evolution of the instrumental set-ups and the advanced methods of data analysis are described. Recent examples in which X-ray microbeams were used for imaging quantitative features of natural bone tissue and engineered bone substitutes are presented along with the qualitative
and quantitative information extracted from the two-dimensional patterns collected on bone samples and on selleck chemicals llc ex vivo cell seeded bioceramic implants. Thanks to the microdiffraction approach, several aspects of the mechanisms leading to the generation of the new bone, coupled to the scaffold resorption in the tissue-engineered constructs, have been tentatively interpreted. The potential of X-ray microdiffraction as an imaging tool in the field of bone tissue engineering is discussed and the key role of high-spatial resolution, availability of automatic tools ( for dealing with the huge amount of experimental data) and advanced analysis techniques is elucidated. Finally, future perspectives
in the field are presented.”
“The antidiabetic effect of the ethanolic extract of Eclipta alba (EEA) on GW786034 in vitro hyperglycaemia and diabetic nephropathy was investigated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Single-dose treatment of EEA to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats lowered the blood glucose level by 17.6% (p < 0.05) at 250 mg kg(-1) dose after 5 h post oral administration. Treatment of animals after 10 weeks of STZ-treatment with EEA (250 mg kg(-1)) for 21 days significantly reduced the elevated levels of blood glucose, % HbA1C, urea, uric acid and creatinine, and significantly increased the depressed serum insulin level. The extract exerted a significant inhibitory effect on alpha-glucosidase in a noncompetitive manner with an IC50 value of around 54 mu g mL(-1) and was found inhibitory to eye lens aldose reductase with an IC50 value of around 4.5 mu g mL(-1). The results suggest that EEA possesses antidiabetic effect associated with alpha-glucosidase and aldose reductase inhibition.”
“Some reported studies have evaluated the dural sac in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) by computed tomography (CT) after conventional myelography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).