Furthermore, effect of probiotic fermentation on polyphenolic content and antioxidant capacity was investigated. Results
showed significant growth in Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus corresponding to 9.19, 9.47 and 10.6 log CFU/ml after 24 h of fermentation, which is satisfying learn more criteria for a food product to be characterized as probiotic. Lactic acid (LA) was the major end product of the fermented cabbage juice attaining the concentrations of 6.97, 9.69 and 12.2 g/l LA for L plantarum, L rhamnosus and L brevis, respectively. LAB fermentation retains more than 75% of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the initial raw material, and similar set of results were observed for antioxidant capacity. First-order kinetics model fitted PD173074 well with the experimental data with R-2 value ranging from 0.92 to 0.96, 0.96 to 0.98 and 82.2 to 97.2 for TPC, TFC and antioxidant capacity, respectively.
During refrigerated storage (4 degrees C), all the probiotic cultures met the criterion of maintaining counts greater than 8 log CFU/ml; in addition to maintaining bioactive components and antioxidant capacity. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Although trichloroacetic acid (TCA) peeling is widely applied for cosmetic treatment of photodamaged skin, the entire biological mechanisms have yet to be determined. The skin stress response system (SSRS) involves cortico-tropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) products that are locally-generated in response Prexasertib cost to locally-provided stressors or pro-inflammatory cytokines. This system
would restrict tissue damage and restore local homeostasis. To determine the influence of TCA peeling on the SSRS in vitro and in vivo, expressions of POMC, melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R), CRH and CRH receptor 1 (CRHR1) mRNA were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in Pam212 murine keratinocytes, murine plantar and healthy human abdominal skin specimens after TCA treatment. In addition, their protein expressions as well as those of POMC-derived peptides were examined immunohistochemically. After TCA treatment, transient upregulation of POMC and MC1R mRNA expressions was observed in both murine and human skin, as well as in Pam212. Enhanced POMC protein, recovery of once-impaired MC1R protein, and no enhancement of POMC-derived peptide productions were revealed immunohistochemically in both murine and human epidermis. In contrast, neither expression levels of CRH and CRHR1 mRNA nor epidermal protein were enhanced after TCA application in murine and human skin, except for induction of human CRH mRNA expression.