A significant negative correlation was observed between ROC1 and cyclin D1 expression www.selleckchem.com/products/pexidartinib-plx3397.html in the study cases. When ROC1
expression increased, cyclin D1 expression decreased, and vice-versa. Melanomas containing areas of high ROC1 protein expression and low cyclin D1 positivity were observed alongside areas of high cyclin D1 expression and low ROC1 expression, making evident the presence of different cell clones in these lesions, as visualized by light microscopy. The amplification of the CCND1 gene in melanocytic nevi is rare, and so is cyclin D1 expression increase [5] and [29]. Strikingly, one of the melanocytic nevus cases included in this study showed CCND1 amplification and the highest level of cyclin D1 expression of all melanocytic cases studied (51–75%), associated with a decreased ROC1 expression (26–50%). This case of melanocytic nevus LDN-193189 was observed in the genital region of a 20-year-old female. It was characterized by intense junctional
activity and cellularity and by areas with morphologically distinct cells contiguous with each other in the likeness of clones. Interpreting an isolated case is difficult, but one explanation for the partial reduction in ROC1 may be the consumption of this protein for the degradation of the increased cyclin D1 that is found in a lesion in the proliferative stage. In this study, both melanomas with all cells amplified showed cyclin D1 expression in >50% of cells and ROC1 expression in <25% of cells. The Carteolol HCl lower ROC1 expression observed in the amplified melanomas as
compared to the amplified nevus suggests a ROC1 deficiency and not just its consumption for the labeling of the increased cyclin. This assumption is corroborated by the fact that in focally amplified melanomas, no significant ROC1 decrease occurred even when cyclin D1 was increased. It is also confirmed by non-amplified cases that showed increased cyclin D1 expression and a significant ROC1 decrease. The ROC1/cyclin D1 relationship correlated with neoplasia type. In melanocytic nevi, there was a predominance of increased ROC1 expression in relation to cyclin D1 (86.2% of the cases), whereas in melanomas, ROC1 expression was higher than cyclin D1 expression in 45.2% of the cases. The only case of a melanocytic nevus in which cyclin D1 was higher than ROC1 expression showed CCND1 amplification, which is in contrast with the melanomas where the majority of cases showed increased cyclin D1 as compared to ROC1 expression and no gene amplification (85.7%). This fact, and the absence of correlations between ROC1/cyclin D1 and gene amplification observed here, supports the idea of ROC1 deficiency in melanomas as part of the phenomenon responsible for the increase in cyclin D1. The amplification of the CCND1 gene is more common in acral lentiginous melanomas, followed by SSM.