27 and 28 Michellamines A and B have been isolated from this plant source. Lomatium suksdorfii belonging to the family Apiaceae has shown to suppress HIV-1 viral replication in H9 lymphocyte cells. 29Polyalthia suberosa has yielded Lanostane-type triterpene, subserosal which has again shown to suppress anti-HIV replication activity in H9 lymphocytes in vitro. The plant Rhus succedanea L. (Family Anacardiaceae) has its active constituent as biflavonoids, robustaflavone and hinokiflavone which have shown strong inhibition of the polymerase of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. 30Galanthus nivalis L. has yielded the plant lectin G. nivalis Rigosertib agglutinin (GNA) which
is a potent inhibitor that stops the spread of HIV among lymphocytes by targeting gp 120 envelope glycoprotein. 31Acer okamotoanum belonging to the family Aceraceae has given a flavonoid gallate ester having inhibition against HIV-1 integrase enzyme. Aqueous extract of the leaves of Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae) has exhibited inhibition against the protease and reverse transcriptase enzymes. 32Tripterygium hypoglaucum, Celastrus
hindsii and Tripterygium wilfordii all belonging to the family Celastraceae have led to the Selleckchem Cyclopamine isolation of Triptonine A and Triptonine B, Celasdin B and Diterpene lactones respectively. 33, 34 and 35 These bioactive compounds have shown potent in vitro anti-HIV
activity. The plant Humulus lupulus (Cannabaceae) has led to the discovery of a Xanthohumol which has shown HIV-1 inhibitory Resminostat activity as well as HIV-1 induced cytopathic effects and led to the production of viral p24 antigen and reverse transcriptase in C8166 lymphocytes. 36 Inhibitory activity against HIV replication in acutely infected H9 cells has been established by the use of monosodium and monopotassium salts of isomeric caffeic acid tetramer from the plant Arnebia euchroma. Two dicaffeoylquinic acids, namely, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 1-methoxyoxalyl-3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid have been isolated from Achyrocline satureioides (Lam.) which have shown potent and irreversible inhibition against HIV-1 integrase. 37 and 38 The aqueous and ethanol extract of Bulbine alooides (Asphodelaceae) have shown to inhibit HIV-1 protease. 39 The sulfonated polysaccharides from Agardhiella tenera has shown to inhibit the cytopathic effect of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in MT-4 cells. 40 Two bioactive compounds from Garcinia speciosa viz Protostanes and Garcisaterpenes A and C have inhibitory effect against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. 41 Water soluble lignins which inhibit HIV-1 protease have been isolated from Inonotus obliquus from the family Hymenochaetaceae. 42Calophyllum teysmannii has given (−)-calonolide B which is having lesser activity than A form.