45 +/- 0.26 mu M). Luteolin, quercetin and rutin were found to be weak pancreatic lipase inhibitors (IC50 over 100 mu M), whereas kaempferol showed no activity up to 250 mu M. The antihyperlipidemic effect of C. auriculata could be attributed to direct lipase inhibitory effect of the plant constituents. Copyright (C) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.”
“Background: Highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (HP-PRRS) has caused large economic losses in swine industry in recent years. However, current antiviral strategy could not effectively prevent and control this disease. In this research, five artificial microRNAs
(amiRNAs) respectively targeted towards ORF5 (amirGP5-243, -370) Selleck Wnt inhibitor and ORF6 (amirM-82, -217,-263) were designed and incorporated into a miRNA-based vector that mimics the backbone of murine miR 155 and permits high expression of amiRNAs in a GFP fused form mediated by RNA Pol II promoter CMV.\n\nResults: It was found that amirGP5-370 could effectively inhibit H-PRRSV
replication. The amirM-263-M-263, which was a dual pre-amiRNA expression cassette where two amirM-263s were chained, showed stronger virus inhibitory effects than single amirM-263. H-PRRSV replication was inhibited up to 120 hours in the MARC-145 cells which were stably transduced by recombinant lentiviruses (Lenti-amirGP5-370, -amirM-263-M-263). Additionally, efficacious dose of amirGP5 370 and amirM 263 expression did not trigger the innate interferon response.\n\nConclusions: Our study ML323 is the first attempt to Selleckchem Raf inhibitor suppress H-PRRSV replication in MARC-145 cells through vector-based and lentiviral mediated amiRNAs targeting GP5 or M proteins coding sequences of PRRSV, which indicated that artificial microRNAs and recombinant lentiviruses might be applied to be a new potent anti-PRRSV strategy.”
“Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 915 MHz microwave (MW) ablation with high output power in in vivo porcine spleens.\n\nMaterials and methods: MW ablations were performed in 9 porcine spleens with an
internally cooled 915 MHz antenna. Thermocouples were placed at 5, 10, 15, 20 mm away from the antenna to measure temperatures in real-time during MW emission. The energy was applied for 10 min at high output power of 60W, 70W or 80W. Gross specimens were sectioned and measured to determine ablation size. Representative areas were examined by light microscopy and electron microscopy. Coagulation sizes and temperatures were compared among the three power groups.\n\nResults: Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed irreversible necrosis in the splenic coagulation area after MW ablation. As the power was increased, long-axis diameter enlarged significantly (p < .05). Short-axis diameter also tended to increase, but there were no statistical difference (p > .05). The coagulation size of long-axis and short-axis diameter with 80W in vivo spleen ablation was 6.43 +/- 0.52 and 4.95 +/- 0.