Conclusions: Our assays are significantly faster than the conventional methods used in the identification
of P. striiformis.
Significance and Impact of the Study: Development of a simple, high-throughput assay kit for the rapid diagnosis and detection of wheat stripe rust would be anticipated in a further Defactinib study.”
“Aims: To investigate the effects of pH stress coupled with cysteine addition on glutathione (GSH) production in the treatment of high cell density culture of Candida utilis.
Methods and Results: We have previously observed that most Candida utilis cells remained viable after being subjected to pH at 1.2 for 3 h and that some intracellular GSH leaked into the medium. A cysteine addition strategy was applied in fed-batch production of GSH. A single cysteine addition resulted in higher GSH yield than
two separate additions without pH stress. An increase in intracellular GSH content triggered inhibition of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-GCS). A strategy that combines cysteine addition with low-pH stress was developed to relieve the inhibition of gamma-GCS.
Conclusion: Without pH stress, single shot and double shot cysteine addition yielded a total GSH of 1423 and 1325 mg l(-1). In comparison, a low-pH stress counterpart resulted in a total GSH of 1542 and 1730 mg l(-1), respectively. With low-pH stress, we observed GSH secretion into the medium at 673 and 558 mg l(-1) and an increase in the gamma-GCS activity by 1.2- and 1.5-fold, respectively. The specific GSH production yield increased from 1.76% see more to 1.91% (w/w) for single shot, and 1.64% to 2.14% for double shots.
Significance and Impact of the
Study: Low-pH shift was applied to alleviate the feedback inhibition find more of intracellular GSH on gamma-GCS activity by secreting GSH into the medium. This strategy is coupled with cysteine addition to enhance GSH production in Candida utilis.”
“Aims: To isolate and enhance the yield of a bacterial milk clotting protease (MCP) through process optimization and scale up.
Materials and Results: Bacillus subtilis was isolated as MCP producer with good milk clotting activity (MCA) per proteolytic activity (PA) index. The enzyme production was inducible with casein and enhanced with fructose and ammonium nitrate resulting in 571.43 U ml(-1) of enzyme.
Conclusions: Medium containing 4% fructose, 0.75% casein, 0.3% NH4NO3 and 10 mmol l(-1) CaCl2, pH 6.0, inoculated with 4% (v/v) inoculum, incubated at 37 degrees C, 200 rev min(-1) for 72 h gave maximum production. A 6.67-fold increase in MCP yield with very high MCA per PA index was observed after final optimization indicating similarity to rennets.
Significance and Impact of the Study: Mostly fungal MCPs have been reported. The MCA and MCA per PA index of this bacterium is comparable to that of many fungal reports and better than quite a few bacterial MCPs. Thus, this enzyme by B.