Low-grade inflammation induced by the metabolic syndrome, innate immunity and inflammaging are some of the more recent arguments in favor of the inflammatory theory of OA and highlighted in this review.
(C) 2012 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Purpose of review
This paper summarizes previous research regarding how osteoarthritis varies across racial groups, including differences in prevalence and radiographic features and differences in pain and function.
Recent findings
Regarding the prevalence of osteoarthritis, prior studies indicate knee osteoarthritis may be more common in African-Americans than Caucasians in the United States, but this may vary according to gender; knee osteoarthritis is Nirogacestat more common in Chinese than U. S. Caucasian women; hip and hand osteoarthritis are less common among Chinese individuals than U. S. Caucasians; self-reported arthritis may be less common among Hispanics than Caucasians in the United States. Racial differences in some specific radiographic features of osteoarthritis have been identified. Pain and functional limitations are greater for African-Americans than Caucasians with knee osteoarthritis, and some contributing factors
have been identified.
Summary
While some racial differences in osteoarthritis prevalence and severity have been identified, more research is needed on under-studied racial and ethnic groups and joint groups (e.g. foot, spine). Future studies should emphasize potential Small molecule library mw explanatory factors, such as genetic, environmental, CCI-779 molecular weight anatomical, and biomechanical features. Current findings emphasize the importance of targeting weight management and psychosocial interventions among African-Americans with knee osteoarthritis.”
“Objective: Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a single oral dose of a 1200 mg sachet of chondroitin 4&6 sulfate (CS 1200) vs three daily capsules of chondroitin 4&6 sulfate
400 mg (CS 3*400) (equivalence study) and vs placebo (superiority study) during 3 months, in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).
Design: Comparative, double-blind, randomized, multicenter study, including 353 patients of both genders over 45 years with knee OA. Minimum inclusion criteria were a Lequesne index (LI) >= 7 and pain >= 40 mm on a visual analogue scale (VAS). LI and VAS were assessed at baseline and after 1-3 months. Equivalence between CS was tested using the per-protocol procedure and superiority of CS vs placebo was tested using an intent-to-treat procedure.
Results: After 3 months of follow-up, no significant difference was demonstrated between the oral daily single dose of CS 1200 formulation and the three daily capsules of CS 400. Patients treated with CS 1200 or CS 3*400 were significantly improved compared to placebo after 3 months of follow-up in terms of LI (<0.