Methods: Forty-seven consecutive patients with combined anterior cruciate and grade-III medial collateral ligament injuries were randomized into two groups. The medial collateral ligament was repaired in Group I (n = 23) and was treated nonoperatively in Group II (n = 24). In both groups, the torn anterior cruciate 3-MA cell line ligament was treated with early reconstruction. The patients were evaluated
on the basis of sequential range-of-motion measurements, the one-leg-hop test, and isokinetic muscle power measurements at the time of follow-up, and the findings were compared between the two treatment groups.
Results: All patients achieved full knee extension. At all follow-up intervals the flexion deficit was greater in the group that had been managed with surgical repair of both ligaments, but the difference
was significant only at six weeks (1000 compared with 112 degrees; p = 0.009), twelve weeks (119 degrees compared with 128 degrees; p = 0.043), and thirty-six weeks (130 degrees Selleckchem BMS-777607 compared with 136 degrees; p = 0.011) after the operation. The difference between the groups was not significant at fifty-two weeks (132 degrees compared with 137 degrees) or 104 weeks (134 degrees compared with 137 degrees). The quadriceps muscle power deficit at fifty-two weeks was 30.7% in the group that had been managed with combined repair and 20.5% in the group that had been managed with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction only (p = 0.015). At 104 weeks, the deficits were 14.4% and 9.7%, respectively (p = 0.2).
Conclusions: Early operative treatment of combined anterior cruciate Linsitinib research buy and medial collateral ligament injuries
is possible without increased long-term mobilization complications. The rehabilitation period is long, and aggressive physiotherapy is recommended. However, nonoperative treatment of the torn medial collateral ligament allows faster restoration of flexion and quadriceps muscle power. Our results favor nonoperative treatment of the torn medial collateral ligament in patients with combined injuries.”
“BACKGROUND: Phosphate is one of the main contaminants responsible for the eutrophication of surface waters, and adsorption is a potential treatment method for this pollutant. A magnetic adsorbent manufactured from magnetite (Fe(3)O(4)) can be recovered easily from treated water by magnetic force, without requiring further downstream treatment. In this research, the surface of magnetite modified with aluminum and silica (Al/SiO(2)/Fe(3)O(4)) was used to adsorb phosphate in an aqueous solution in a batch system.
RESULTS: The optimum solution pH for phosphate adsorption by Al/SiO(2)/Fe(3)O(4) was found to be 4.5.