Up-regulation of uPA had no effect on cell viability or inflammatory cytokine
production compared with ad-blank or untreated cells. Ad-uPA transduction increased the migration rate of HBMMs (about 20%, P = .03) and MM6 cells (>twofold, P = .005) compared AZD6738 research buy with ad-blank treated controls. Human macrophage recruitment into the mouse thrombus was confirmed by the colocalization of HILA with the PKH2-marked cells. Systemic injection of uPA-up-regulated HBMMs reduced thrombus weight by approximately 20% compared with ad-blank (P = .038) or sham-treated controls (P = .0028).
Conclusion: Transduction of HBBM with ad-uPA increases their fibrinolytic activity. Systemic administration of uPA up-regulated HBBMs reduced thrombus size in an experimental model of venous thrombosis. Alternative methods of delivering fibrinolytic agents are worth exploring. (J Vasc Surg 2009;50:1127-34.)”
“BACKGROUND: The callosomarginal artery (CMA), the main branch of the pericallosal artery, courses in or near the cingulate sulcus and gives rises to 2 or more major cortical branches. There is confusion about the artery best fitting the definition of “”callosomarginal artery.”" Distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms represent 1.5% to 9% of intracranial aneurysms, and most
often occur at the origin of the CMA. The microsurgical anatomic features of the CMA, its relationship with the pericallosal artery, and clinical implications are presented.
METHODS: selleck chemicals llc The origin, course, branching pattern, and diameter of the CMA and its branches and its relationship with the pericallosal artery were studied in 60 cerebral hemispheres, including cadaveric dissections and angiographic images.
RESULTS: The CMA was present in 93.3% of hemispheres studied and arose mainly from A3 (55.2%), a mean of 3.11 +/- 1.90 cm from the anterior communicating artery. The mean BTSA1 diameter of the CMA at its origin was 1.53 +/- 0.36 mm. The CMA ran 1.28 +/-
0.89 cm until its first branch, describing an anterior convex curve backward and upward (60.7%). An average of 3 lesser branches originated from the CMA. The most consistent branch was the posterior internal frontal artery (67.9%). The mean diameter of the CMA branches was 0.93 +/- 0.33 mm.
CONCLUSION: These morphometric measurements can help neurosurgeons access lesions located in distal intracranial vessels. The vessel coursing the longest pathway in or near the cingulate sulcus and otherwise following Moscow’s classic definition should be considered the CMA.”
“Objective: Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation plays all important role in the development of postangioplasty or in-stent restenosis, venous graft failure, and atherosclerosis. Our previous work has demonstrated S-phase kinase-associated protein-2 (Skp2), an F-box subunit of SCF(Skp2) ubiquitin ligase, as an important mediator and common filial pathway for growth factors, extracellular matrices, and cyclic-nucleotides to regulate VSMC proliferation in vitro.