Urological resident training can be accomplished
without compromising high standards of care.”
“Introduction Transverse sinus tapered narrowings are frequently identified in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH); however, it remains unclear whether they are primary stenoses or whether they occur secondary to raised cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Computed tomographic venography demonstrates both the morphology of the venous system and the adjacent bony grooves so it may provide an insight into the aetiology of these transverse sinus stenoses.
Materials and methods Tapered transverse sinus narrowings (>50%) were studied in 19 patients without IIH and 14 patients with IIH. Computed tomography vascular AZD4547 studies were reviewed and the dimensions of the venous sinuses and bony grooves at the sites of maximum and selleck minimum transverse sinus area dimensions were recorded.
Results There was demonstrated to be a strong correlation of bony groove height with venous sinus height at the largest portions of the transverse sinus in both IIH patients and non-IIH subjects as well as at the transverse sinus narrowing in non-IIH subjects. There was a discordant relationship
between bony groove height and venous sinus height at the site of transverse sinus stenoses in IIH patients. In 5/23 IIH transverse sinus stenoses, the bony groove height was proportionate to that seen in non-IIH subjects. There were a further 8/23 cases where the small Amobarbital or absent sinus was associated with an absent bony groove.
Conclusion Transverse sinus tapered narrowings in subjects without IIH and in the majority of patients with IIH were associated with proportionately small or absent grooves, and these are postulated to be primary or fixed. Some patients with IIH demonstrate tapered transverse sinus stenoses with disproportionately large bony grooves, suggesting a secondary or acquired narrowing. This implies a varied aetiology for the transverse
sinus stenoses of IIH.”
“Purpose: We examined the usefulness, reliability and applicability of the smoothness metric of the ProMIS hybrid simulator (Haptica, Dublin, Ireland) for a urology residency program.
Materials and Methods: A total of 15 urology residents divided into junior and senior cohorts were followed prospectively for 6 training sessions. Validated McGill Inanimate System for Training and Evaluation of Laparoscopic Skills (MISTELS) laparoscopic tasks were used. The ProMIS hybrid simulator smoothness parameter, a unit-free metric of movement efficiency, was recorded using 3-dimensional visual tracking technology. Results were compared between cohorts at the midpoint and end of the defined training sessions. End of study junior means were also retrospectively compared to senior mid training means. Statistical significance was determined using the Mann-Whitney U test (alpha = 0.05).