After a 4-h inter-trial delay to induce natural forgetting, vehicle-treated rats spent an equivalent time exploring novel and familiar objects during the choice trial. The 5-HT6 receptor agonists,
E-6801 (1.25-10 mg/kg i.p.) and EMD-386088 (5-10 mg/kg i.p.), and antagonists, SB-271046 and Ro 04-6790 (5 and 10 mg/kg), along with donepezil (0.1-3 mg/kg) and memantine (5-20 mg/kg) all produced significant and mostly dose-dependent increases in novel object exploration, AZD2281 price indicative of memory enhancement. Furthermore, sub-effective doses of E-6801 (1 mg/kg) when co-administered with either SB-271046 (3 mg/kg), donepezil (0.1 mg/kg) or memantine (5 mg/kg), and EMD-386088 (2 mg/kg) co-administered with SB-271046 (3 mg/kg) also significantly enhanced object-recognition memory. Additionally, using a 1-min inter-trial delay, E-6801 (2.5
and 5 mg/kg) was as effective as donepezil (0.3 and 1 mg/kg) in reversing a scopolamine-induced (0.5 mg/kg) impairment in object recognition.
This is the first study to demonstrate that E-6801, a potent 5-HT6 receptor agonist, improves recognition memory by combined modulation of cholinergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission.”
“The extent to which the small tents of the early instars of Malacosoma americanum warmed when irradiated by sunlight was investigated by continuous electronic CHIR-99021 solubility dmso monitoring of field colonies for 137 colony-days. Tent temperatures exceeded the threshold for larval growth of 15 degrees C on 88-96% of the study days, exceeding in degree-minutes the ambient excess-over-threshold by a factor of approximately five. In still air, tents constructed by third instar caterpillars achieved greater temperature excesses over selleck compound ambient than did a model of a tightly sealed glass house, but smaller tents and tents exposed to simulated wind did not perform as well. Tents of M. americanum warmed more rapidly
and to a high temperature than silk nests of markedly different design constructed by other species. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“5-HT1A receptor knockout (1AKO) mice have a robust anxiety phenotype. Tissue-specific “”rescue”" strategies and electrophysiology have implicated a critical role for postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors, particularly in the CA1 region of the hippocampus.
In this study, we evaluated differences in membrane properties and synaptic activity in CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells between 1AKOs and wild-type (WT) controls to better understand the cellular correlates of anxiety in this mouse model.
Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were conducted in CA1 pyramidal cells in hippocampal brain slices from 1AKOs and WTs that had previously been screened for anxiety with the elevated-plus maze.