(C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3632067]“
“Objective: We examined the association between maternal pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (PE) and childhood epilepsy.
Methods: We
conducted a retrospective cohort study using linked maternal-child billing data for Medicaid births in South Carolina from 1996 through 2002, with follow-up billing data for children through see more December 2008. Women with PE (exposed) and children with epilepsy (outcome) were identified using ICD-9 codes. Non-singleton births, children with documented conditions known to cause abnormal brain development, and children who neither remained in Medicaid until age 6 nor were diagnosed with epilepsy were excluded.
Results: Of 95,450 mother-child pairs buy GSK2126458 in the final cohort, 5460 mothers were diagnosed with PE (5.7%) and 1106 children had the outcome of epilepsy (1.2%). After controlling for potential
confounders, PE was significantly associated with risk of epilepsy (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.17-1.82). The increased risk of epilepsy was observed only among full-term infants, and for this subgroup, late PE (first diagnosed after 37 weeks of gestation) was significantly associated with epilepsy (OR= 1.61, 95% CI = 1.21-2.16). The association between PE and epilepsy was particularly strong for children with focal epilepsy.
Conclusion: Pre-eclampsia is associated with childhood epilepsy. Additional research is needed to identify potential mechanisms for the association. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“There is a need for neuromuscular relaxant (NMR) agents that are of the “”nondepolarizing type”" and produce rapidly developing and short-lasting skeletal muscle relaxation in anesthesiology. Many efforts have been directed to produce such agents. Our research focused on the design, synthesis, and evaluation of numerous “”bisquatemary”" derivatives of the cyclic aminoalkanes: tropane and granatane.
Through systematic “”steric structure-activity relationship”" studies, we arrived at some new bisquaternary tropine and granatanol diesters, which in laboratory studies appeared to be the fastest and shortest acting Metabolism inhibitor NMRs recognized so far. Their ultrashort duration action-mechanism was, however, linked to the formation of nephrotoxic metabolites, precluding further development. Even so, we believe that the scientific information gained from more than a thousand such agents, will be useful toward developing the “”ideal,”" ultrashort-acting NMR that could be clinically successful without the use of “”reversing”" agents, at least until “”new biotechnology”" may solve all problematic aspects of “”transient”" muscle relaxation. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.